Planned and executed properly, an ITP will ensure a consistent output. It's up to you to determine where these appropriate points are in your process.
It's also up to you to determine what your records will be. In general the ITP should follow the sequence of operations and clearly define who is responsible for signing off each check. First decide when in the process you want to conduct an inspection or check. An ITP tells you when in the process to perform an inspection.
The details of the inspection are contained in the checklist, and are typically recorded there. An ITP might refer to different checklists for each inspection point, or could refer to a code or standard that sets out the requirements for what and how the check must be performed, e.
AS - Methods of Testing Concrete. A simple ITP can closely match the checklist. Both the ITP and Checklist are documents that must be controlled. A common critical hold point is 'Incoming Goods" - particularly for manufacturers. Early on, details are not needed in the test strategy.
In fact, that is the great thing about a test strategy — you can define it even before requirements or other specifications are defined. Details will emerge as the test plan is created. Uniqueness of the project, such as usage and technology involved Critical success factors, such as reliability, correctness, usability, etc. Risks, such as business, project, product, and technical Roles and responsibilities not necessarily by name General timelines and schedules Levels of testing component, integration, system, acceptance Types of testing functional, security, usability, etc.
You have much freedom in writing a test strategy. Test Strategy template example. Test strategy case study example. The first test plan you write might be the most difficult.
This is because you are assimilating information for the first time. The more test plans you write, the better you get at the investigation of details and the phrasing of things. Writing a test plan is typically a test management or leadership responsibility.
Others on the test team and in the organization such as users and developers may have input and review tasks, but it is generally up to the manager to actually write the test plan. As mentioned above, a great starting point in creating a test plan is the definition of a test strategy. A software test strategy helps in understanding the broad objectives of the test and how a particular project or release is unique.
With a test strategy in place, now you are ready to start creating a test plan. It is typical to have gaps and vagueness in the first draft of a test plan. Many times, the information needed in a test plan will emerge over time. In fact, there may be some details of the test that do not become clear until shortly before the test. For example, details such as the features to be tested may be changing even up to the time of release.
As you write the test plan, you will discover that the writing effort becomes one of investigation as you seek to learn the details needed in the plan.
A good practice is to assign certain parts of the test plan to members of the test team to investigate and document. As the author of the test plan, you can then compile and edit the information. Perhaps one of the most important tasks in creating the test plan is to review it. The first review should be a team review involving members of the test team with knowledge of the content.
After making any needed changes, the next review should involve knowledgeable stakeholders such as project leaders, test team leaders, technical test analysts, business analysts, subject matter experts and any other people that can provide helpful perspectives in the review.
One of the golden rules in writing any kind of document is to write with your audience in mind. Failing to do this will result in a document that fails to convey the kind of information needed by the readers, and will likely be ignored. Obviously, a business-oriented audience will get lost in technical jargon and technical readers will find the plan lacking if few technical details are provided.
The balance is found in being able to express technical information in ways that is understandable by the business. This has been a great need for over forty years in all areas of information technology, not just testing. When it comes to test plans, consider that only part of the test planning details will involve information heavily based on technical details. The rest of the test plan will contain information that should be easily readable by all stakeholders, regardless of role.
This is another compelling reason for conducting test plan reviews, especially the reviews involving stakeholders. Conciseness — People today do not read, they scan. Keep your sentences short and to the point, bullet points help. Organization — It helps to start the test plan with a general introduction, then get more detailed in the body of the plan. Good test plan templates and standards help with organizing the content. Numbered sections and sub-topics help when referring to items in the test plan.
Readability — Use plain language understandable by most of the audience. In fact, also includes specific examples of the application of each concept it describes in practice. The first part was published in September and is a very informative standard that should be read and digested thoroughly before attempting to apply the processes and techniques that are listed in the other standards of the series. The second in the series proposes a general model covering the steps from developer testing, all the way to acceptance testing ,that can be easily implemented within any software development life cycle.
This standard uses a risk-based approach which is widely considered the best type of approach to strategise and manage testing since it permits testers to prioritise the most important components of the system that is tested.
The latter will comprise a number of indicators to consider when evaluating a process for improvement or selection. Each template can be modified to suit the requirements of individual organisations and to fit with any life cycle model. These templates build upon the testing process defined in the previous standard and are based on the popular IEEE test documentation standard which they supersede. The fourth standard in the series is currently in a draft international standard.
The aim is to serve as an international standard that covers software test design techniques that be employed during the test design and implementation phases within the development cycle. The design techniques in this standard are classified into three categories, namely specification-based testing techniques e. Each type of testing technique can be used to ascertain that high-quality test cases are written and to detect any errors that may be present. This standard is based on and supersedes the BS standard which was provided by the British Standards Institution for component testing.
Finally, , which is still being actively drafted, serves to define a standard for keyword-driven testing. This is a particular technique for describing test cases by using a set of keywords that refer to actions which have to be executed during a test case.
By adopting a set of keywords instead of describing the actions necessary in natural languages, test cases become shorter, simpler to understand and easier to maintain and automate. However, there is still the need for extensive trialing in the different domains it covers and in a diverse range of project types to confirm its applicability to sequential, iterative and agile scenarios.
If your company can help in the testing of the standard, you can join one of the working groups within your national standards body to contribute to meetings and review drafts. This standard has received an overwhelming amount of interest and there have been over 1, comments made so far about from contributing members in 18 countries.
It will be adopted by major standards bodies and will offer a uniform set of definitions, process and techniques which help to increase the quality of the work done by software testing professionals worldwide. Excel has come a long way since its first use within the world, however, there are still some pitfalls in using it.
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